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February 2005

Pedestrian Safety in the Workplace

Accidents occur all the time involving workplace pedestrians and material handling equipment. One-third of all forklift accidents involve a pedestrian getting struck or run over by a forklift. Many times we train our forklift operators and we overlook the pedestrians who occupy the same area. Safety is a SHARED responsibility between forklift operators and the pedestrians who share the same aisles.

Many pedestrians do not treat the aisles of their workplace as they would the roadways that they cross when walking down a street. Most people will look before crossing a road because they were trained to do it since they were children—but they will walk out of doorways or blind spots and cross the aisles of their workplace without even looking for forklifts.

Thompson & Johnson Equipment Co. sells Pedestrian Safety Videos, created to help pedestrians stay aware of forklifts as they walk through the workplace. These videos can also help pedestrians understand certain characteristics of a forklift, such as wide tail swings, and not to walk under raised forks or loads.

Do you have clearly marked aisles for your pedestrians to walk safely on? OSHA has several recommendations concerning aisles and passageways:

"When using aisles and passageways to move materials mechanically, workers must allow sufficient clearance for aisles at loading docks, through doorways, wherever turns must be made and in other parts of the workplace. Providing sufficient clearance for mechanically moved materials will prevent workers from being pinned between the equipment and fixtures of the workplace, such as the wall, racks, posts or other machines. Sufficient clearance also will prevent the load from striking an obstruction and falling on an employee. Employers must ensure that all passageways the worker uses remain clear of obstructions and tripping hazards. Workers should not store materials in excess of supplies needed for immediate operations in aisles or passageways, and employers must mark permanent aisles and passageways appropriately." (OSHA 2236.2002)

OSHA also gives requirements for marking and width requirements for aisles in industrial operations:

"The lines used to delineate the aisles may be any color so long as they clearly define the area considered as aisle space. The lines may be composed of dots, squares, strips or be continuous, but they must define the aisle area. The recommended width of aisle markings varies from 2 inches to 6 inches; therefore, any width 2 inches or more is considered acceptable. The recommended width of aisles is at least 3 feet wider than the largest equipment to be utilized, or a minimum of 4 feet."
(Standard Number 1910.22(b))

Other safety items to consider for use in your workplace are:

  • Mirrors at cross-aisles areas
  • Signs to let the pedestrians know where material handling equipment operates
  • Strobe lights and back-up alarms on your forklifts.

Thompson & Johnson has strobe lights and back-up alarms available in high decibel and variable pitch. Although OSHA does NOT mandate back-up alarms or strobe lights on forklifts, they can cite the employer for not maintaining these devices. NEVER disable or modify an existing safety device on any material handling equipment.

We highly recommend that you consult with your insurance company before installing these items or any other safety devices on your forklifts. Your insurance company also can help to determine what other safety needs may be appropriate for your workplace. For more information on how we can make your workplace safer for pedestrians, please call us at 315-437-2281.



Thompson & Johnson has been a successful distributor and service center for Hawker Industrial batteries and chargers for almost 20 years! Hawker is the world's largest brand of industrial lead-acid batteries and offers a complete line of products for power solutions tailored to the individual requirements of your operation. As an EnerSys company with over 80 years of motive power experience, Hawker works with Thompson & Johnson to offer you the right power solutions for your needs. Please contact your Thompson & Johnson representative for more information, or visit www.hawkerpowersource.com.



Thompson & Johnson is pleased to announce that we have recently been named as an authorized distributor for Edison Minit-Charger, the innovator in the fast charging industry. Minit-Charger organized and refined the revolutionary technologies that allow the fast charging of lift truck batteries. Since 1998, Edison has provided competitive advantages to their customers by delivering breakthrough operational methods of recharging lift trucks. Some of the potential benefits are:

  • Eliminating battery changing, thereby increasing safety
  • Running multiple shifts on one battery
  • Eliminating costly battery rooms and changing equipment
  • Reducing power costs.

Please consult with your Thompson & Johnson representative or visit www.minit-charger.com for additional information.



Carbon Monoxide in the Workplace

Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, tasteless and poisonous gas. It is the product of incomplete burning of any material containing carbon, such as gasoline, liquid petroleum, natural gas or diesel fuel. Internal combustion engines that use these fuels are sources of exposure in the workplace. Control of carbon monoxide levels in the workplace is dependent on ventilation and proper maintenance of carbon monoxide producers, including internal combustion powered equipment.

Internal combustion engines that are run properly will still produce carbon monoxide emissions and deplete the oxygen supply sufficiently, affecting the ambient air of the work environment if the ambient air exchange is not adequate. Always use ventilation as the primary means of control by providing the necessary air exchange capability.

Ventilation shall be provided in enclosed areas where internal combustion powered equipment is used to maintain an atmosphere that shall not exceed the contamination levels specified by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) "Threshold Limit Values (TLV) of Airborne Contaminants." This includes the atmosphere within the truck cab when a cab is provided.

Common symptoms of carbon monoxide exposure may include headaches, dizziness and nausea. If employees exhibit these symptoms, move them into fresh air, seek medical attention as required and determine the source of carbon monoxide by monitoring the TLVs in the areas of exposures.

At lower levels, people sometimes mistake the symptoms of carbon monoxide exposure for the flu or do not associate their severe headache and nausea with carbon monoxide exposure. People with heart conditions or other health problems can be more sensitive to the effects of carbon monoxide.

Health Effects of Carbon Monoxide
We have put together a table outlining the effects of carbon monoxide on humans. It doesn't take much carbon monoxide to cause problems.

*PPM CO
in air

Percent CO
in air

Time

Symptoms

50 0.0035% 8 hours Maximum exposure allowed by OSHA in the workplace over an eight-hour period.
200 0.02% 2-3 hours Mild headache, fatigue, nausea and dizziness.
400 0.04% 1-2 hours Serious headache - other symptoms intensify. Life threatening after 3 hours.
800 0.08% 45 minutes Dizziness, nausea and convulsions. Unconscious within 2 hours. Death within 2-3 hours.
1600 0.16% 20 minutes Headache, dizziness and nausea. Death within 1 hour.
3200 0.32% 5-10 minutes Headache, dizziness and nausea. Death within 1 hour.
6400 0.64% 1-2 minutes Headache, dizziness and nausea. Death within 25-30 minutes.
12,800 1.2% 1-3 minutes Death

*PPM = parts per million

The carbon monoxide present in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines (gasoline, diesel or LPG) accounts for the majority of man-made emissions. The resultant workplace hazards are widespread and often unappreciated.

It should be understood that a situation accepted as safe on the basis of past experience can suddenly become extremely hazardous if the ventilation is reduced or the rate or duration of carbon monoxide production increases.

Prevention
Carbon monoxide has been called the silent killer, but most overexposure can be avoided. Keep all vehicles, heating systems and other combustion-producing equipment in top condition. Operate this equipment only in well-ventilated areas and don't ignore or brush off symptoms of carbon monoxide exposure. It could be the flu, but it could be carbon monoxide poisoning. Get to fresh air immediately, then find out if carbon monoxide caused the problem, and take action to ventilate the area and fix the equipment so it doesn't put you or anyone else at risk.

Questions concerning the degree of concentration and methods of sampling to ascertain the conditions present should be referred to a qualified professional. Users must follow applicable local, state and federal regulations that apply to their workplace.

Treating Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Carbon monoxide poisoning, particularly from LPG-powered forklift trucks, occurs frequently with little or no warning. Take corrective action with these basic steps: Evacuate, Ventilate, Investigate.

  • Move the affected person to fresh air. Administer oxygen if available.
  • Contact medical help.
  • If the person is not breathing, perform artificial respiration as taught in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training until medical help arrives.
  • Ventilate the area.
  • Investigate the source of carbon monoxide and make repairs.

This material provided by Washington State Department of Labor and Industries.

If you would like additional information about items mentioned in this newsletter,
call us at 315-437-2881 or send e-mail to
sales@thompsonandjohnson.com.

Thompson & Johnson Equipment Co., Inc.  •  6926 Fly Road  •  East Syracuse, NY 13057  •  315-437-2881
www.thompsonandjohnson.com
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